Addition and Subtraction
NUMBER CORE
Supports the development of quantity by using benchmark numbers, thinking flexibly about composing and decomposing numbers, and building facility with figuring sums.
A: ADDITION WITH SUMS UP TO 100
Builds on the big idea that “10” is an organizer for our number system.
B: SUBTRACTION WITH NUMBERS UP TO 100
Reinforces addition and subtraction as inverse operations and teaches the three meanings of subtraction: take-away, missing parts, and comparison problems.
C: NUMBERS GREATER THAN 100
Applies these big ideas to calculations with greater numbers and provides strategies for solving word problems.
Multiplication
A: BASIC CONCEPTS
Provides visual and contextual models to help students understand the meaning of multiplication, supporting the shift from thinking additively to thinking multiplicatively.
B: FACTS THROUGH 12x12
Uses an array model to represent the basic facts and demonstrate key concepts and strategies for multiplication.
C: FACTORS GREATER THAN 12
Develops strategies for making estimates and computing products with two- and three-digit factors, using the distributive property and multiplying by multiples of 10.
Division
A: BASIC CONCEPTS
Builds upon the idea that division is inverse to multiplication and provides computational methods for solving division problems, using contextual and concrete methods to support the two meanings of division—sharing and ungrouping.
B: FACTS THROUGH 100÷10
Applies the inverse relationship between multiplication and division to make sense of divisibility and the concept of taking out a quantity by groups of 10.
C: DIVIDENDS TO 1000
Extends to dividing two- and three-digit dividends by two-digit divisors, engages students in exploring divisibility, and provides experiences with solving contextual problems involving greater numbers.
Fractions
A: BASIC CONCEPTS
Connects and builds upon the big ideas of whole numbers as they apply to fractions, using concrete materials to help students give meaning to the abstract idea of fractions.
B: EQUIVALENCE AND COMPARISON
Helps students learn key strategies for comparing and ordering fractions while keeping the instructional focus on the meaning of the fractions being compared.
C: ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION
Builds on what students have learned in order to develop the computational tools and strategies to add and subtract fractions, including improper fractions and mixed numbers with like and unlike denominators.